Friday 27 September 2013

The Radio


Radio is the wireless transmission of signals through free by electromagnetic radiation of a frequency significantly below that of visible light, in the radio frequency range, from about 30 kHz to 300 GHz. These waves are called radio waves. Electromagnetic radiation travels by the means of oscillating electromagnetic fields that pass through air and vacuum of space.
The key developments during the 1920's that helped shape modern radio were the starting of the first radio, the station KDKA, which was signed on in 1920 and is still on air, making it the country's oldest radio station. Since the KDCA was a big success, AT&T, GE and also RCA along with other private organizations, started radio stations like a new business. During the 19th century, radio listening and tuning became a national craze. By this discovery, companies realized that audience for the radio existed, making it a foreseeable future. In the year 1926 set manufacturers improved their product and made new fashionable radios which was like a fashionable piece of furniture. Between 1925 and 1930, 17 million radio sets were sold, which made this a form of mass media and communication. During these years the radio commercialized so that the radio companies could make a larger profit through advertisements. In 1922 the Queensboro Realty Company paid 300$ for five radio talks that spoke and benefited the living of the country. During these years of the 1920's the radio had made a mark in the mass communication world. Advertisers were spending nearly 27 million dollars a year on network radio. During these years there was the birth of the commercial radio and better receivers were made for sound quality. The Radio Act of 1927 was set up by the FRC to clean up all the chaos and corruption by standardizing channels, abolished portable stations and moved to minimum interference. By the end of the 1920's the framework for modern radio was in place.

If the radio was developed during the depression years of the 1930's instead of the roaring twenties then we wouldn't have the various options of radio like the HD or the internet radio. During the digital age radio stations set up websites to stream the audio through the internet from the actual radio station, something like Pandora. There are thousands of internet radio stations for all genres from house to rock or even classic. The HD radio wasn't a hit as it simply just offers the same sound with better quality. One of the latest development was the mobile radio, just recently with the apple software update of IOs came the Itunes Radio for the Apple users only, providing them with a variety of great podcasts and radio stations. In todays world, radio stations are using social media like Facebook and Twitter to increase their audience and becoming more popular and successful. They have pages that people follow or hashtag's that people popularize, just to increase the publicity of their station. If the radio was developed during the depression years, we wouldn't have these various features or improvements, that we have in todays radio sets. In the roaring twenties we got the Ipod and Iphones which would let us listen to the radio through these devices. If the radio was developed during the depression years, we wouldn't have such great technological advancements, but the radio did well during the World War II and the number of dollars spent on advertisements doubled in 5 years. But with the emergence of the television, the fortunes of the radio was affected and it was apparent that the television would take over  the mass entertainment.

Friday 20 September 2013

The Newspaper

A newspaper is a periodical publication containing news regarding current events, informative articles, diverse features, editorials and advertising. It is usually printed on relatively inexpensive low grade paper such as newsprint. A wide variety of material has been published in newspaper, including editorial opinions, criticism, entertainment features such as crossword and sudoku.


In ancient Rome, Acta Diurna, or government announcement bulletins, were produced. They were carved in metal or stone and posted in public places. One of the specific times from the history of the newspaper that intrigued me was during the industrial revolution. By the early 19th century, many cities in Europe as well as North and South America, published newspaper type publications though not all of them developed in the same way, content was vastly shaped by regional and cultural preferences.

Advances in printing technology related to the industrial revolution enabled newspapers to become an even more widely circulated means of communication. The Times London acquired printing presses capable of making 1100 impressions per minute. It was an important time in the history of the newspaper because during this time more the masses could access it and during this time period of the industrial revolution double sided printed started for news papers, because of this double sided printing more information could be released and also more advertisements could be shown to the general public. During the industrial revolution, the newspaper was an important invention as during this time, many countries economies boomed and the middle class started earning more and information had to be spread across various cities and towns to spread messages and to inform them about whats going on where. During the industrial revolution, many inventions were made, but the one that stood out and made a huge difference to the masses was the newspaper. During this time of the newspaper history they started publishing news papers on Saturday and Sunday. Because of this, the masses can now be alert and aware of all the news all around their area or world. 
                   
                                                                                                                          

The next big thing in the newspaper industry is getting the newspaper and news directly to your phone or tablet, watching live news or hearing the news on your phone instead of sitting in front of the television. News can be reached to the general public through social media like Facebook and Twitter, On Facebook, newspapers and news channels have pages through which they broadcast their live news and breaking news, this can be reached to all those users on Facebook, therefore increasing their users. In todays generation people use Twitter as a source of news, through the trending hashtags, news can be known to the general public, for example if you type #syria on twitter, all news related to Syria will come up and all the news and related websites will show up, giving the user more options and websites. Because of all the technological advancements in the newspaper field, the general public can get to know about the latest breaking news in seconds using various sources like the internet, Iphone applications, virtual newspapers and live television on your laptop or Ipad. This is very beneficial for the general public as they can watch live news and find out about the latest things happening in any corner of the world while sitting in their car or office. With the younger generation moving from paper and pencil to tablets and laptops it would also encourage them to know about the live news. This change revolutionizes the whole meaning of newspaper and how it is reached to us with the latest news all around the world.


History Of Newspaper

Friday 13 September 2013

Mass Media

Social Media

Each and every day globalization becomes ever more prominent, the role of media and advertising also increases. Important for the large multinational companies that can take best advantage of globalization include the even larger "market" to which they sell their products and services. Ideally then, attitudes and consumption habits need to be similar for best effect. As a result many media companies promote and project a more aligned culture that will cross these boundaries but also allow easier consumption of their products, this can be done by using the new and improved techniques of mass media.
New media and communication technologies enable advertisers to reach select group of consumers with selective media. Marketers now search for and implement media and marketing plans aimed at special selective market. One of the current trends in mass media is the social media. Social media refers to the means of interactions among people in which they create, share, and exchange information and ideas in virtual communities and networks.  Andreas Kaplan and Michael Haenlein define social media as "a group of Internet-based applications that build on the ideological and technological foundations of Web 2.0, and that allow the creation and exchange of user-generated content." Furthermore, social media depends on mobile and web-based technologies to create highly interactive platforms through which individuals and communities share, co-create, discuss, and modify user-generated content. It introduces substantial and pervasive changes to communication between organizations, communities, and individuals. - Wikipedia.
In today’s world, social media is something that everyone around the planet has access to and uses it on a daily basis. Social change also hastened the transition. Consumers become accustomed to receiving their entertainment for free. Transition from passive media exposure was replaced by active participation into new social media.  Some of the famous social media are Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
The areas of mass communication, social media, has touched are advertising and public relationship. Advertising has been affected, as now multinational companies can advertise their products to their target audience at a cheaper price, but the audience will be bigger. Social media fosters relationships and collaborations. Social media is a boon for professionals willing to connect with others from the same industry or the similar interests. Through social media businesses and individuals can build their network of friends and contacts. Their sales and profits will increase and also they can improve their brand name and brand image. Through social media, advertising has improved for companies, even smaller start ups that can advertise their products at a cheaper price, but can be seen by all people. Public Relations are when the business organization has a two-way communication with its target market, which through social media becomes easier. Public relationships with its customers improve as they can send out questionnaires and improve on those places where they are weak. Now multinational companies use the internet as a source of feedback and also use a panel of consumers to generate their data. Social media helps participate, converse, share, collaborate and link up.

The areas of mass communications that has not been affected with these current trends of social media are broadcasting. Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video content to a dispersed audience via any audio or visual mass communications medium, but usually one using electromagnetic radiation (radio waves). The receiving parties may include the general public or a relatively large subset thereof. Broadcasting has been used for purposes of private recreation, non-commercial exchange of messages and emergency communication such as radio and amateur television (ATV) in addition to commercial purposes like popular radio or TV stations with advertisements. Social media cannot help in broadcasting. News channels and televisions are some of the sources of media that fit to broadcast, as to broadcast some media you need audio and video playing at the same time and therefore television is most suitable for broadcasting and not social media. As they reach and cater a large audience as television sets are in every home and are easily accessible. Businesses are turing to social media to market their products and increase their sales These trends are positive as they cater to a large audience and fulfill the needs of communication and media and transferring messages to the target audience. It is positive and beneficial for companies as it is a cheap source of media, with a large audience. But with these positive aspects come a few negative ones too like cyber bullying, no censorship, privacy concerns, information overload and also lack of gatekeepers, who decide what information can be seen by the public and what cant be seen. But on the large scale social media had more positive effects and features than negative features.

Youtube Video- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EC2zfQ9Rb1s

Monday 9 September 2013

Chapman University


The Chapman University business school.